First we must know bits,bytes, control and data, words also. Bits is The
smallest unit quantities in data communication, only 1 or 0. Bytes is
bit organized into 8. Words Associated with computer programs and
computer oprerating system than with data communication. Control and
Data is control information is instruction and command Data is
representation of character (biner, desimal etc ) or quantities.
Fig. 8 bits= 1 bytes
After we know different between byte and bit , we will learn
about number system in technology. Number system is number or code
representing the information will give to the computer or human to
understand the purpose. In the computer world we recognize four types of
numbers, that says binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal. Binary or
binary digits (bits) is the number consisting of 1 and 0. Octal
consisting of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7. While the decimal number consisting
of 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9. And hexadecimal consisting of
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, A, B, C, D, E and F. Computer only understand biner
and human understand decimal, hexadecima and octal with
differenfunction. All of number can converted suitable what number you
want. The number are :
A. Decimal number
Decimal number is System number based on tens , there are 0, 1,..,9 Use
a shorthand notation to indicate how many of which powers of ten are
nedded. Example 123 = 1 * 10^2 + 2 * 10^1 + 3 * 10^0 . The digit 123
indicate power of 10, how many 10 making quantity of 123
B. Binary number
Binary number is Use the number only 0 and 1. Use in data communication
system and computers to control information system. The quantities
indicate how many 2 represented the power. Use shorthand notation to
indicate the quantities and 2 nedded
Example : 11001(binary) = 1 * 2^4 + 1 * 2^3 + 0 * 10^2+ 0 * 2^1 + 1 * 2^0 (convert decimal )
C. Hexadecimal number
Hexadecimal is The symbols used on this system are the digits 0 through
9, plus 6 other symbol using the letters A (10) until F (15) .The number
system is used to display the value of a memory address in computer
programming. The quantities indicate how many 16 represented the power.
Example : 10E( Hexadecimal) = 1 * 16^2 + 0 * 16^1 + 14 * 16^0=
270(decimal)
D. Octal number
Octal is based on number eight is composed of eight numbers are
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Since it only has eight points then the sum 7 +1 = 10
(instead of 8 as well as Decimal numbers because they do not have the
number 8).
Fig. table converted octal, decimal, hexadecimal,binary
To easy converted the number, there are several tricks and example to converted the number :
1. Converting Binary to Octal
The conversion method is almost the same. But, because grouping by 3
bits alone, then the result is: 1010 (2) = ...... (8) Solution: Take the
first three digits backward. 010 (2) = 2 (8) While the rest of the last
digit, fixed-value 1. The end result is: 12.
2. Converting Binary to Hexadecimal
The conversion method is similar to Binary to Octal. However grouping
number of 4 bits. Four groups rightmost bit is the position of the unit,
four second bit from the right is tens, and so on. Example: 11100011
(2) = ...... (16) Solution: group rightmost bits: 0011 = 3 groups
following bits: 1110 = E results of the conversion are: E3 (16)
3. Converting Binary to Decimal
Means or method is a little different. Example: 10110 (2) = ...... (10)
is broken down into: (1x2^4) + (0x2^3) + (1x2^2) + (1x2^1) + (0x2^0) =
16 + 0 + 4 + 2 + 0 = 22 number 2 in binary multiplication is his base.
While the sequential rank, signifying the rank 0 is a unit, rank 1 is
tens, and so on.
4. Octal to Binary Conversion
Actually, for the conversion of this base, it should be a little
memorization is key conversion table on the top page. But can be learned
easily. And take three binary only. Example: 523 (8) = ...... (2)
Solution: By looking at the main table, the results obtained are: 3 =
011 2 = 010 5 = 101 Ordering number is based on the position of units,
tens and hundreds. Results: 101010011 (2)
5. Converting Hexadecimal to Binary
Methods and means almost identical with the conversion Octal to Binary.
Grouping its just as much as two bits. As in the main table. Example: 2A
(16) = ...... (2)
Solution:
A = 1010,
2 = 0010
how: A = 10
10:2 = 5 (0) -> the rest
5:2 = 2 (1)
2:2 = 1 (0)
1:2 = 0 (1)
written from the final result
results: 1010
2:2 = 1 (0) -> the rest
1:2 = 0 (1)
written from the final result
results: 10
so the results and writing as a record number (is parity check)->0 0| 101010 beginning unnecessary writes
6. Converting Decimal to Hexadecimal
There are ways and methods, but for some people are still somewhat
confusing. The easiest way is, first convert from decimal to binary,
then convert from binary to hexadecimal. Example: 75 (10) = ...... (16)
Solution: 75 divided by 16 = 4 remainder 11 (11 = B). And the
conversion: 4B (16)
7. Converting Hexadecimal to Decimal
Almost the same way as the conversion from binary to decimal. However,
the base number is 16. Example: 4B (16) = ...... (10) Solution: With
reference to the main table, B can be written with a value of "11".
(4x16^1) + (11x16^0) = 64 + 11 = 75 (10)
8. Converting Decimal to Octal
The trick is similar to decimal to hexadecimal conversion. Example: 25
(10) = ...... (8) Solution: 25 divided by 8 = 3 remainder 1. The result
can be written: 13 (8)
9. Converting Octal to Decimal
The method is similar to the conversion of hexadecimal to decimal. Can
be followed by the example below: 764 (8) = ...... (10) Solution:
(3x8^1) + (1x8^0) = 24 + 1 = 25 (10)
